How to Remove Common Stains From a Couch

Blot immediately with a dry white towel, then with cool water. Tannin stains respond to a mild acidic cleaner, not to alkaline detergent. Never apply heat, it sets the tannin.

Blot, do not rub. Cool water and blotting removes a surprising amount if you act within minutes. Salt can absorb fresh wine on light fabrics. Skip the boiling water tricks from the internet on upholstery, foam holds that water.

Oil-based soil needs a solvent or a degreasing agent, water alone will not touch it. This is the most common invisible problem: the darkened arms and headrests on a light sofa are body oil, not dirt.

Dab with isopropyl alcohol on a white cloth, working from the outside in, and change the cloth constantly so you lift the ink instead of spreading it. Test on a hidden spot first, alcohol affects some dyes.

Blot as much as possible, then use an enzyme cleaner and let it dwell. Skip ammonia products entirely, the smell resembles urine and encourages repeat marking.